حقوق الصور والمرئيات
جميع الصور والمرئيات المعروضة على موقع SEOS إستخدمت بتصريح من المؤلفين.
ولايمكن طبعها بدون إذن خاص من المؤلفين (أنظر أيضاً Disclaimer)
مقدمة
Lively reef.
Photo: Mulyadi Setiono
URL: http://forum.kapalselam.org/2007/01/11/lively-reef/
Last access: 05.02.2009
Landsat 5 TM image, 1987.
Sensor: Landsat 5 TM
Source: Vanderstraeten, 2007
URL: The Use of Remote Sensing for Coral Reef Mapping in Support of Integrated Coastal Zone Management. A case Study in the NW Red Sea.
Last access: 05.02.2009
Landsat 7 ETM+ image, 2000.
Sensor: Landsat 7 ETM+
Source: Vanderstraeten, 2007
URL: The Use of Remote Sensing for Coral Reef Mapping in Support of Integrated Coastal Zone Management. A case Study in the NW Red Sea.
Last access: 05.02.2009
Atoll in the Pacific Ocean (23/09/01).
Sensor: IKONOS
Source: GeoEye
URL: http://www.geoeye.com/gallery/ioweek/archive/01-09-23/index.htm
Last access: 18.06.2008
الفصل (1): بطاقة شخصية الشعب المرجانية
Welcome to an underwater world.
Source: NOAA © 1972 by Katherine Orr
URL: http://www.yoto98.noaa.gov/books/paccoral/reefcb2.htm
Last access: 05.02.2009
Orange cup coral (Tubastraea faulkneri) open at night to feed in East Timor.
Photo: Nick Hobgood
URL: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cup_coral.jpg
Last access: 05.02.2009
Single-celled zooxanthellae live in the tissue of many corals.
Photo: LSA University of Michigan
URL: http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookDiversity_3.html
Last access: 05.02.2009
Cross section of a coral polyp.
Source: NOAA
URL: http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/education/docs/5C_Corals_101.ppt
Last access: 05.02.2009
Worldwide distribution of coral reefs.
Source: (to be completed)
URL: http://xxx.html
Last access: 05.02.2009
Cross section of a coral polyp.
Source: NOAA
URL: http://www.yoto98.noaa.gov/books/paccoral/reefcb6.htm
Last access: 05.02.2009
Sea surface temperarure in the Red Sea.
Source: Vanderstraeten, 2007
URL: The Use of Remote Sensing for Coral Reef Mapping in Support of Integrated Coastal Zone Management. A case Study in the NW Red Sea.
Last access: 05.02.2009
Light is necessary for the growth of corals.
Photo: NOAA
URL: http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/reef/
Last access: 05.02.2009
Fringing coral reef near Eilat, Israel.
Photo: Wikimedia Commons, Mark A. Wilson
URL: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:EilatFringingReef.jpg
Last access: 05.02.2009
Drawings: fringing reef, fringing reef transforming into barrier reef, barrier reef, atoll.
Source: NOAA
URL: http://sludge.wordpress.com/2006/11/02/coral-reefs-and-oil-spills-a-guided-tour/
Last access: 05.02.2009
Australia's Great Barrier Reef (26/08/00).
Sensor: MISR/Terra
Source: NASA/GSFC/LaRC/JPL, MISR Team
URL: http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/pia03401
Last access: 05.02.2009
Tureia Atoll in French Polynesia (07/06/06).
Sensor: ALI/EO-1
Source: NASA/EO-1 Science Team/Lawrence Ong
URL: http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=17350
Last access: 05.02.2009
Darwin's Subsidence Theory.
Source: Vanderstraeten
URL: The Use of Remote Sensing for Coral Reef Mapping in Support of Integrated Coastal Zone Management. A case Study in the NW Red Sea.
Last access: 05.02.2009
Dynamic process of coral atoll formation (the corals are represented in purple and tan).
Source: NOAA
URL: http://www.oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/corals/media/supp_coral04a.html
Last access: 05.02.2009
الفصل (2): أهمية الشعب المرجانية
Interaction between coral reefs and other ecosystems.
Source: Vanderstraeten, 2007
URL: The Use of Remote Sensing for Coral Reef Mapping in Support of Integrated Coastal Zone Management. A case Study in the NW Red Sea.
Last access: 05.02.2009
A school of Golden Crevalle (Gnathanodon speciosus) "flash" the camera on their way by at Czech Point dive site in the waters of Coiba National Park, Panama.
Photo: © Laszlo Ilyes
URL: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gnathanodon_speciosus.jpg
Last access: 05.02.2009
Snorkelling and scuba diving are fast growing industries.
Photo: NOAA Ocean Explorer, 2005
URL: http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/islands01/background/outreach/media/islands01ed.html
Last access: 05.02.2009
Canary in the mine shaft.
Source: Seeking Alpha
URL: http://www.defensestockblog.com/article/28544-options-trader-friday-morning-ideas
Last access: 05.02.2009
الفصل (3): الشعب المرجانية معرضة للهجوم
Cyclone Percy across the South Pacific (01/03/05).
Sensor: MODIS/Aqua
Source: NASA/GSFC/MODIS Rapid Response Team/Jacques Descloitres
URL: http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/view_rec.php?id=6772
Last access: 05.02.2009
Crown of Thorns (Acanthaster planci). Koh Similan, Boulder City, Thailand.
Photo: Jon Hanson, 2005
URL: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Crown_of_Thorns-jonhanson.jpg
Last access: 05.02.2009
Athens urban area (12/06/04).
Sensor: Astronaut photograph
Photo: NASA
URL: http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/EarthObservatory/AthensGreece.htm
Last access: 05.02.2009
Photo of green algal growth on rocky areas of the ocean intertidal shore, indicating a nearby nutrient source, Kahuku, O'ahu, Hawaii.
Photo: Eric Guinther, 2005
URL: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Intertidal_greenalgae.jpg
Last access: 05.02.2009
Scuba diving in Carmen, Agusan del Norte, Philippines.
Photo: Historianurian
URL: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Scuba.jpg
Last access: 05.02.2009
Oil from the bombed power plant of Jieh contaminating the beaches of Beirut, Lebanon (August 2006).
Photo: Zenahla
URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lebanon_oil_beach.jpg
Last access: 05.02.2009
Projected surface temperature changes by 2099.
Source: IPCC 3th assessment report: Climate change 2001, The Scientific Basis, 2001
URL: http://www.ipcc.ch/ipccreports/tar/wg1/index.htm
Last access: 05.02.2009
Diseased corals, Southwater Cay, Caribbean, Belize.
Source: ReefVid
URL: www.ReefVid.org
Last access: 05.02.2009
Dead fish as the result of blast fishing.
Photo: NOAA
URL: http://celebrating200years.noaa.gov/visions/coral/image4_650.jpg
Last access: 05.02.2009
Changes in sea-surface pH from anthropogenic CO2 emissions (pre-industrial to 1990's).
Source: Pacific Science Association, 2007
URL: http://www.pacificscience.org/tfoceanacidification.html
Last access: 05.02.2009
Annual carbon flows and storage (billion metric tons).
Source: NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, 2007
URL: http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/research/themes/carbon/
Last access: 05.02.2009
Effects of increasing carbon dioxide and temperature on coral reefs.
Photo: NOAA Coral Reef Watch
URL: http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2007/20071213_carboncoral.html
Last access: 05.02.2009
الفصل (4): إبيضاض المرجان
A starcoral in 1988, where coral bleaching has already started.
Photo: USGS
URL: http://coralreefs.wr.usgs.gov/risk.html
Last access: 05.02.2009
The same starcoral in 1998, where major coral bleaching is detectable.
Photo: USGS
URL: http://coralreefs.wr.usgs.gov/risk.html
Last access: 05.02.2009
Global trends in coral bleaching.
Photo: Marshall, Schuttenberg, 2006, A Reef Manager's Guide to Coral Bleaching
URL: http://www.coris.noaa.gov/activities/reef_managers_guide/pdfs/ reef_managers_guide.pdf
Last access: 05.03.2009
SST anomalies and coral bleaching events, during El Niño event of 1997-1998.
Photo: World Resources Institute
URL: http://earthtrends.wri.org/text/coastal-marine/map-207.html
Last access: 05.02.2009
الفصل (5): الاستشعار عن بعد لرسم خرائط الشعاب المرجانية
Island Tanimbar (Indonesia) seen from space.
Sensor: Aerian photograph
Source: BELSPO, 2007
Last access: 05.02.2009
Local measurements.
Source: Jim Hendee
URL: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Oa-buoy-enrique-reef.jpg
Last access: 05.03.2009
Satellite data.
Source: Michael Favor
URL: http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bestand:GPS_Satellite_NASA_art-iif.jpg
Last access: 05.03.2009
Coral reflectance (dead coral, hard coral, soft coral, algae) in Tanimbar, Indonesia.
Source: VITO - Flemish Institute for Technological Research
Last access: 05.02.2009
Electromagnetic spectrum.
Source: Philip Ronan
URL: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:EM_spectrum.svg
Last access: 05.03.2009
Bondan & Undul saving the coral reef.
Source: © 2006 Yayasan TERANGI
URL: http://www.terangi.or.id
Last access: 05.02.2009
Satellite image of Hurghada (Egypt), 2000.
Sensor: Landsat 7 ETM+
Source: Vanderstraeten, 2007
URL: The Use of Remote Sensing for Coral Reef Mapping in Support of Integrated Coastal Zone Management. A case Study in the NW Red Sea.
Last access: 05.02.2009
Patterns of light penetration into water.
Source: Tom Morris, Fullerton College
URL: http://staffwww.fullcoll.edu/tmorris/elements_of_ecology/chapter_3.htm
Last access: 05.02.2009
Staghorn coral in seagrass.
Photo: Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary/NOAA
URL: http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/htmls/reef2564.htm
Last access: 05.02.2009
Image of the island of Fordate in Tanimbar (Indonesia) and derived bottom-classification map.
Sensor: CHRIS/Proba
Source: VITO - Flemish Institute for Technological Research
Last access: 05.02.2009
Image of the island of Fordate in Tanimbar (Indonesia) and derived bottom-classification map.
Sensor: CASI hyperspectral data
Source: VITO - Flemish Institute for Technological Research
Last access: 05.02.2009
Coastline changes between 1987 and 2000 around the city of Hurghada, Egypt.
Source: Vanderstraeten, 2007
URL: The Use of Remote Sensing for Coral Reef Mapping in Support of Integrated Coastal Zone Management. A case Study in the NW Red Sea.
Last access: 05.02.2009
Risk assessment map.
Source: Vanderstraeten, 2007
URL: The Use of Remote Sensing for Coral Reef Mapping in Support of Integrated Coastal Zone Management. A case Study in the NW Red Sea.
Last access: 05.02.2009
Study area near Jebel Ali in the southern Arabian Gulf.
Source: S. J. Purkis
URL: http://www.nova.edu/~purkis/papers/Purkis-IEEE-2005.pdf
Last access: 05.02.2009
Enhanced true-color IKONOS image marking out the study area.
Source: S. J. Purkis
URL: http://www.nova.edu/~purkis/papers/Purkis-IEEE-2005.pdf
Last access: 05.02.2009
Predictive habitat map resulting from the smoothed classified image.
Source: S. J. Purkis
URL: http://www.nova.edu/~purkis/papers/Purkis-IEEE-2005.pdf
Last access: 05.02.2009
The classification comprises 22 substrate classes.
Source: S. J. Purkis
URL: http://www.nova.edu/~purkis/papers/Purkis-IEEE-2005.pdf
Last access: 05.02.2009
Transect data obtained from field mapping using the 22 substrate categories.
Source: S. J. Purkis
URL: http://www.nova.edu/~purkis/papers/Purkis-IEEE-2005.pdf
Last access: 05.02.2009
Palm Islands in Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Source: Helmut Pfau
URL: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PalmIslandDubai.JPG
Last access: 05.03.2009
The Argo Merchant ran aground on December 15, 1976. A silvery oil slick can be seen coming from the center holds.
Source: NOAA
URL: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Argo_Merchant_run_aground.jpg
Last access: 05.03.2009
Dead fish on the Soummam River, probably because of pesticides.
Source: Zil
URL: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Poisson_mort_pr%C3%A8s_d%27une_barque_de_p%C3%AAche.jpg
Last access: 05.03.2009
Fishermen in Bangladesh.
Source: USAID Bangladesh
URL: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BD-fishermen.jpg
Last access: 05.03.2009
صفحات العمل
Bora Bora, Tahiti.
Sensor: IKONOS
Source: © 2006 GeoEye
URL: http://www.satimagingcorp.com/gallery/ikonos-bora-bora-lg.html
Last access: 05.02.2009
Sea Surface Temperature, September 2nd, 2005.
Source: NOAA's Coral Reef Watch
URL: http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/education/docs/satellite_imagery_worksheet.pdf
Last access: 05.02.2009
Coral Reef Hotspot, September 2nd, 2005.
Source: NOAA's Coral Reef Watch
URL: http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/education/docs/satellite_imagery_worksheet.pdf
Last access: 05.02.2009
Sea Surface Temperature Time Series.
Source: NOAA's Coral Reef Watch
URL: http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/education/docs/satellite_imagery_worksheet.pdf
Last access: 05.02.2009
Maximum Degree Heating Weeks, 2005.
Source: NOAA's Coral Reef Watch
URL: http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/education/docs/satellite_imagery_worksheet.pdf
Last access: 05.02.2009
